The skills shortage in the construction industry is getting worse and has now spread beyond bricklayers and carpenters to other key trades, according to the latest research by the Federation of Master Builders (FMB).

The FMB's State of Trade Survey for Q4 2016 shows that almost half (46%) of construction SMEs are reporting difficulties hiring roofers, while shortages of electricians and plasterers are at their highest point in four years.

Despite these shortages, the survey also shows the SME construction sector has experienced 15consecutive quarters of growth.

Brian Berry, chief executive of the FMB, said: "We've been experiencing a severe shortage of bricklayers and carpenters for quite some time – these latest statistics show that skills shortages are now seeping into other key trades such as roofers and plumbers.

"Indeed, of the 15 key trades and occupations we monitor, 40% show skills shortages at their highest point since we started to feel the effects of the skills crisis in 2013, when the industry bounced back post-downturn. This growing skills deficit is driving up costs for small firms and simultaneously adding to the pressure being felt by soaring material prices linked to the weaker pound."

Mr Berry continued: "The government needs to be taking note of the worsening construction skills shortage now that we know that the UK will be negotiating a hard Brexit. The Prime Minister must ensure that the immigration system that replaces the free movement of people serves key sectors such as construction and housebuilding. Our sector relies heavily on skilled labour from the EU, with 12% of the British construction workforce being of non-UK origin.

"As the construction industry represents around 7% of UK GDP, it's in no one's interest to pull the rug out from under the sector by introducing an inflexible and unresponsive immigration system."

On a more positive note, Mr Berry noted that SMEs in the sector reported steady growth in the final three months of 2016, with robust demand for private refurbishment work throughout the year. "In terms of private and social housebuilding, builders expect workloads to grow in the first three months of 2017," he said. "However, if the government wants the objectives of its Housing White Paper to be realised, it will need to ensure the construction sector has the skilled workers it needs to build these new homes."